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Dr. Paul Anthony Haigh, Associate Professor at Queen Mary University of London, is exploring how to seamlessly connect fibre, underwater, free-space and satellite optical communication systems into a single end-to-end network. The vision is to create a continuous optical path that carries data from the seabed all the way to space without converting signals between different transmission technologies, improving efficiency, speed and network performance.

Dr Paul Anthony Haigh says: " Next-generation connectivity won't come from any single technology, but from getting sea, air, space and fibre networks to work as one integrated system. In this piece for Electro Optics, we explore why the offshore wind, ocean monitoring and submarine cable infrastructure we depend on today still lack a unified connectivity architecture, and what it will take to build one"